With reference to relevant research studies, to what extent is one cognitive process reliable?

Eyewitness Testimony Reliability and Reconstructive Memory
False eyewitness memory. Schema can influence perception of memory. E.g. a businessman pulling a knife on a vagrant.

Wright et al. (2001) on Own-Race Bias
Own-Race-Bias shows that people are more likely to remember faces from their own races. Ummm anything else?

Loftus and Palmer (1974) on Reconstructive Memory
This study showed that people’s memories could be influenced by the mere presence of a descriptive word. Estimate of an automobile crash’s speed was altered when participants were asked the speed of the cars contacting, bumped, collided, smashed, etc. The presence of this verb also affected whether the eyewitness believed to have witnessed broken glass in the video (there was none). People given the word “smashed” showed a greater tendency to remember broken glass.